An úsáid a bhaint asrónta meicniúlai soithí brú ard i bhfad níos deacra ná i soithí brú mheán agus íseal, go príomha mar gheall ar an brú ard. Má bhíonn trastomhas mór agus teocht ard faoi bhrú ard, beidh sé níos deacra. Faoi theocht ard, tá an t-ábhar seans maith do dhífhoirmiú plaisteach, agus fiú creep, scaoiltefaidh an bolt teannta, agus tá sé éasca le sceitheadh. Gan amhras, agus struchtúr iomlán an tsoithigh ardbhrú á dhearadh, ní mór dúinn smaoineamh ar thrastomhas an chalafoirt ina saothraítear rónta a laghdú a oiread agus is féidir, roghnaigh ábhair atá deacair a scaoileadh agus a dhífhoirmiú ag an teocht dearaidh agus tá go maith. neart, agus ansin roghnaigh réasúnta struchtúr ina saothraítear rónta cuí, ionas go bhfaighidh sé ina saothraítear rónta iontaofa. séala.
Teicneolaíocht Séalaithe Meicniúla le haghaidh Soithí Ardbhrú, ón bprionsabal séalaithe agus an struchtúr ina saothraítear rónta, is iad seo a leanas na prionsabail ghinearálta:
1.Metal gaskets are generally used, and the specific pressure on the high-pressure sealing surface greatly exceeds the sealing specific pressure of medium and low pressure containers, and non-metallic gasket materials cannot achieve such a large sealing specific pressure. Commonly used metal gaskets for high pressure vessels are annealed aluminum, annealed copper or mild steel with good ductility.
2. Úsáidtear rónta cúnga, agus uaireanta déantar fiú rónta cúnga aghaidh ina rónta teagmhála líne.
3. Bain úsáid as brú meánach oiread agus is féidir chun rónta féin-géaraithe a bhaint amach, toisc go bhfuil rónta féin-teannúcháin níos iontaofa agus níos dlúithe ná an saothraítear rónta éigeantach.
There are many types of high-pressure seals, which are divided into two categories: forced seals and self-tightening seals according to their working principles. Forced sealing relies on the pre-tightening force of the connector (bolt) to ensure a certain contact pressure between the top cover of the pressure vessel, the sealing element and the end of the cylinder to achieve the purpose of sealing. Self-tightening sealing means that as the operating pressure in the pressure vessel increases, the contact pressure between the sealing element, the top cover, and the end of the cylinder also increases, thereby realizing the sealing effect. The characteristics of self-tightening seals are that the higher the pressure, the greater the pressing force of the sealing elements between the contact surfaces, and the better the sealing performance. When the operating conditions fluctuate, the sealing is still reliable, but the structure is more complicated and the manufacturing is more difficult. Self-tightening seals can also be divided into axial self-tightening seals and radial self-tightening seals according to the deformation of the sealing element.
According to the properties of the sealing material, high-pressure seals can be divided into plastic seals that cause plastic deformation of the sealing element and elastic seals that cause elastic deformation of the sealing element.
At present, the commonly used mechanical seals for pressure vessels include flat gasket seals and Kazari seals; semi-self-tightening seals include double cone seals; self-tightening seals include wedge seals, Wood seals, hollow metal O-ring seals, C-ring seals, B Ring seal, triangular pad seal, octagonal pad seal, flat pad self-tightening seal and rubber O-ring seal, etc.
In the appendix of the national standard for steel pressure vessels in my country, several commonly used mechanical seals structures are recommended based on experience and structural characteristics, which can be reasonably selected in combination with operating conditions during design.
